| 1. |
- Humphrey, David, et al.
(författare)
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Benefits from a Changing Payment Technology in European Banking
- 2006
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Ingår i: Journal of Banking & Finance. - 0378-4266 .- 1872-6372. ; 30:6, s. 1631-1652
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- An “output characteristics” cost function is used to identify payment sources of technical change in European banking and estimate associated benefits. As the share of electronic payments in 12 European countries rose from 0.43 in 1987 to 0.79 in 1999 and ATMs expanded while the number of branch offices was constant, bank operating costs are $32 billion lower than they otherwise might have been, saving 0.38% of the 12 nations’ GDP. Policies facilitating these changes (antitrust exemptions to weakly coordinate implementation of payment service pricing) would permit benefits to be more fully realized.
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| 2. |
- Humphrey, David, et al.
(författare)
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What does it cost to make a payment?
- 2003
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Ingår i: Review of Network Economics. - : Walter de Gruyter. - 1446-9022 .- 2194-5993. ; 2:2, s. 159-174
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- We survey the limited data that exists concerning the cost of making/receiving a payment by banks, retailers, and other parties to a transaction. Since an electronic payment costs between one-third and onehalf that of a paper-based instrument, a country may save 1% of its GDP annually as it shifts from a fully paper-based to a fully electronic-based payment system. Some gains have already been realized. Additional analysis indicates that bank costs of making a payment may have fallen by 45% in Europe as the share of electronic transactions in 12 countries rose from .43 to .79 over 1987-1999.
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| 3. |
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| 4. |
- Lindblom, Ted, 1956, et al.
(författare)
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Retail Integration Strategies in the EU: Scandinavian Grocery Retailing
- 2004
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Ingår i: International Review of Retail, Distribution and Consumer Research. ; 14:2, s. 171-197
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- Until recently, restructuring activity in the EU retail industry has primarily been domestically oriented and focused upon growth opportunities in the retailers’ home market. Alongside the on-going harmonization and integration of European markets, grocery retailers have become increasingly interested in cross-border integration activity. Although a salient feature of Scandinavian grocery retailing, this (r)evolution of the industry has attracted only minor attention in academic literature. This paper examines the motives and strategies underlying the intensified integration activity of Scandinavian grocery retailers in general and their integration across national as well as industry boundaries, in particular. The analysis of recent integration events displays a fairly balanced distribution between proactive and reactive motives, albeit the former motive tends to dominate in the case of grocery retailers’ integration activity across industry borderlines. Above all, the proactive motive has been apparent in many of the recent partnerships established laterally between Scandinavian grocery retailers and other companies.
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| 5. |
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| 6. |
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| 7. |
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| 8. |
- Bergendahl, Göran, 1940, et al.
(författare)
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Nittiotalets betalningstjänster
- 1990
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Ingår i: Kommunikation i framtiden, Posten Årsredovisning 1990, Stockholm.
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Tidskriftsartikel (övrigt vetenskapligt/konstnärligt)
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| 9. |
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| 10. |
- Elliot, Viktor, et al.
(författare)
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Anti-Money Laundering Regulation and Supply Chain Trade Finance
- 2020
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Ingår i: International Trade Law & Regulation. - 1357-3136. ; 26:4, s. 246-261
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Tidskriftsartikel (refereegranskat)abstract
- New, and stricter, Anti-Money Laundering (AML) and Counter the Financing of Terrorism (CFT) regulations are under progress. This article discusses potential unintended consequences for supply chain trade finance. We elaborate on how banks in the Nordic region have adapted in light of the recent AML scandals and the new regulatory regime.
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